1. explain the difference between correlation and causality: Correlation = the degree to which one factor changes with reference to another factor, without respect to cause. Also, covariation of two or more variables; a relation between the values of two or more variables that is manifest in the variation of cooccurrances. Causality = a process linking two or more events or states of affairs so that one brings about or produces the other. One event is the cause of another if (a) the event occurs prior to the effect, (b) there is an invariant conjunction of the two events and (c) there is an underlying mechanism or physical structure attesting to the necessity of the conjunction. 2. When we use psychotropic medication to treat a pet with behavioral problems, what hierarchical level of "causality" are we addressing? Neurophysiological/Neurochemical 3. How do displacement and redirected activities differ? 4. How do fears and phobias differ? Fear = normal adaptive response to a situation known to be injurious. Phobia = pathological, persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity 5. Under what circumstances would you expect to see covert vs overt feline aggression, and what other behavioral problems might you expect to see in either case? be specific. 6. what client-associated factors affect the "prognosis" of any canine aggression? 7. Based on the types of obsessive-compulsive (stereotypic) disorders that are seen in large, compared with small, animals, how do you think the underlying "mechanisms" for the development of these might differ? 8. how is punishment correctly executed? 9. how are sexual and social maturity displaced in domestic cats and dogs, and what are the implications of this for inter- and intra- specific social behavior? 10. when would you advise a client to try to housebreak a dog? 11. How would you distinguish a dog that is reactive rather than aggressive? 12. how do you distinguish the definitions of "dangerous" vs "vicious" vs "aggressive"? 13. Breed predilection for aggression is a topic for heated discussion. How do you view the decision by some insurance companies to refuse to insure any homeowner for liability who possesses a dog that is wholly or partially one of the following: Rottweiler, German Shepherd, Am.Staff. Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, and Doberman? I view it as inane. I view it similar to the way in which I viewed my renter's insurance company when it refused to insure me because I (legally) owned a Ball Python, and they told me I could not be insured because "it could escape and scare some old lady to death," despite the fact that I kept it in a locked terrarium in a locked house. I do not think, however, that this is the answer you are looking for. 14. What's the association b/w play and predatory behavior in cats, and does the same one exist in dogs? 15. what advice would you give a client who has a 3 month old puppy (female) that is dominantly aggressive, with respect to OHE, and on what do you base that opinion? 16. How would you distinguish dominance aggression from dominance? 17. How would you distinguish food related aggression from possessive aggression? 18. how would you diagnose a substrate preference for elimination in cats from a location preference? 19. What clues could you use to discover the underlying etiology of spraying behavior? 20. What are some of the early warning signs of canine dominance aggression? 21. How would you decide whether the aggression displayed by a patient is appropriate? 22. A client is interested in obtaining a new kitten and puppy and wants to know if she shoudl get the same sex as her other cat and dog or the opposite sex. what do you tell her and why? 23. what are the prognosticators for the outcome of the treatment of canine aggression? 24. what is meant by hormonal facilitation? 25. what are the categories of feline aggression and what are the identifying hallmarks of same? 26. how would you distinguish canine aggression from separation anxiety? 27. What clinical signs might make you think that your patient was exhibiting a potential obsessive compulsive disorder? 28. what are the three environments necessary to consider in treatment of behavioral problems? 29. how does counterconditioning differ from desensitization? 30. How do canine inappropriate play behavior and play aggression differ? 31. A client wants to desensitize his hunting dog to gunshots. What advice do you give? 32. what advice do you give to a client who wants to desensitize his dog to thunderstorms? 33. when would you recommend that clients use alpha-rolls, dominance downs, et cetera? Never? 34. what situations can be treated using the Gentle Leader/PROMISE system? 35. what would you workup for any cat with elimination disorders include? CBC/Chem/UA/PE/behavioral history 36. what specific behaviors are affected by castration in dogs and cats, and to what extent? 37. what advice do you give a client who has a puppy and insists it will be perfect b/c it scored well on a puppy aptitude test? That test is no guarantee... 38. is all aggression due to the same underlying neurochemical mechanism? No. 39. when does social vs sexual maturity occur in domestic cats and dogs and why is this important? 40. what advice do you give a client regarding socialization who brings you an 8 week old puppy intended to be a show dog? 41. a client has done some reading and wants to know the meaning of socialization periods - what do you tell him? 42. a client has been cat-watching for years and has become fascinated by feline tail postures. help him to interpret them. 43. a client comes to you with a cat not using the litter box. what steps would you take in history and PE to diagnose this problem? 44. list five treatments/methods that might be useful in treating feline spraying 45. define aggression 46. there are at least 12 categories of list aggression. Could you list the sentinel signs of each? 47. what is the association, if any, b/w hormones and canine aggression? 48. what patterns are poor prognosticators for the outcome of canine aggression? 49. a client takes in an orphaned 3 wk old kitten. what are the potential risks that may coincide with hand rearing? 50. a client has a cat that loves to sit on her lap but hates being held and petted; it bites if cuddled and often blocks owner's way out of the bedroom. what could the problem be? 51. you have an abandoned female 3 month old dog in your hospital. she needs a lot of surgery and can't be adopted til 6 mos of age. what potential behavioral problems might ensure, that should be discussed with the owner? 52. what role is there for endogenous androgens in behavioral problems? 53. when might you decide to use pheromone tx for feline behavior problems, and what might your logic be? 54. what's the difference b/w an open label study and a double blinded, placebo controlled study, and in which might you have more faith? what are the drawbacks of each?