From ovid@ovid.lib.upenn.edu Sun Oct 24 10:19:51 1999 Date: Sun, 24 Oct 1999 10:16:30 -0400 (EDT) From: ovid@ovid.lib.upenn.edu To: hillary@hillary.net Subject: Ovid Citations Ovid Technologies, Inc. Email Service ------------------------------ Search for: from 11 keep 4,7,10-11,14-15,18,23,27 Citations: 1-9 *************************** <1> Accession Number 990805944 Author Sideris, V. Papadopoulou, G. Dotsika, E. Karagouni, E. Institution Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Department of Parasitology, 127 Vas. Sofias, 115 21 Athens, Greece. Title Asymptomatic canine leishmaniasis in greater Athens area, Greece. Source European Journal of Epidemiology. 1999. 15: 3, 271-276. 40 ref. Abstract Leishmania infantum is the aetiological agent of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean subregion, with domestic dogs being the main reservoir host in urban areas. A survey of asymptomatic dogs registered in the greater Athens area in Greece was carried out during 1986 to 1994 to investigate the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in apparently healthy dogs. Dog sera was tested using the indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT). Of 1638 dogs, 366 (22.4%) had anti-L. infantum antibodies at titres more than or equal to 1/200 which were considered positive; 53 (3.2%) had antibody titres of 1/100 and were considered uncertain; and 1219 (74.4%) were seronegative. Of the 366 seropositive dogs, 212 were positive at 1/1600 serum dilution, 57 at 1/800, 38 at 1/400 and 59 at 1/200. The results were plotted according to locality, breed and age of dogs. The rate of asymptomatic infection with L. infantum in dogs in the greater Athens area appears to be high and to represent a significant risk for the spread of human disease. ISSN 0392-2990 <2> Accession Number 990805150 Author Masucci, M. Venza, M. Musico, M. Majo, M. de. Institution Dipartimento di Medicina e Farmacologia Veterinaria, Universita di Messina, Italy. Title Generalized myasthenia gravis in a dog with Leishmania spp. infection. [Italian] Original Title Miastenia grave generalizzata: in un cane con infezione da Leishmania spp Source Summa. 1999. 16: 3, 59-63. 27 ref. Abstract The case is reported of a Rottweiler bitch (11 months old) in Messina, Italy, with leishmaniasis and which showed signs of muscular fatigue. A diagnosis of myasthenia gravis was made. The age of onset and the complete clinical remission after immunosuppressive therapy suggested that the disease was of autoimmune origin. <3> Accession Number 990802148 Author Zaffaroni, E. Rubaudo, L. Lanfranchi, P. Mignone, W. Institution Istituto di Patologia Generale Veterinaria, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy. Title Epidemiological patterns of canine leishmaniosis in Western Liguria (Italy). Source Veterinary Parasitology. 1999. 81: 1, 11-19. 20 ref. Abstract An epidemiological survey was carried out on the distribution of canine leishmaniasis in Western Liguria (northern Italy). Blood sera collected between 1990 and 1996 from 21 146 dogs were tested by indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT). Between 1990 and 1994 (16 690 dogs), monthly seroprevalences were calculated; they varied between 14 and 60.5%. The overall seroprevalence was 26%. Sera sampled between October 1994 and May 1996 (4456 dogs) were divided into 2 subgroups (I: October 1994-May 1995; II: October 1995-May 1996). Seroprevalence was 30.3% and 22.1% in these 2 groups, respectively. In these groups, data analysis by log-linear models revealed that serological positivity to Leishmania sp. was significantly associated with an outdoor lifestyle, a rural environment and male sex. Among the 218 dogs which were tested twice, seroconversion rates were also higher in outdoor, rural and male dogs, and negativization rates were lower in the same groups. ISSN 0304-4017 <4> Accession Number 990801367 Author Delgado, O. Feliciangeli, M. D. Gomez, B. Alvarado, J. Garcia, L. Bello, C. Institution Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. Title The re-emergence of American visceral leishmaniasis in an old focus in Venezuela: present situation of human and canine infections. Source Parasite. 1998. 5: 4, 317-323. 35 ref. Abstract The report of a new autochthonous case of human American Visceral Leishmaniasis (AVL) in 1992 in the village of Guayabita, Aragua State, Venezuela, prompted an epidemiological study in this locality. A demographic survey was conducted [date not given] using a structured questionnaire in which data were collected regarding sex, age, occupation, length of residence in the area and migratory history. A leishmanin skin test (LST) was applied and samples of venous blood for counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) and immunofluorescent antibody (IFAT) tests were drawn. The LST was positive in 11.4% of the 315 tested. Positivity was highest among males and increased with age. Young males seemed to be more exposed to infection than did females. Since occupation per se did not seem to account for this association, it is considered to be a consequence of gender-associated behaviour, which results in different degrees of exposure to sandflies. The canine population was also screened for leishmanial infection: only one dog was shown parasitologically to be infected with Leishmania sp. Four of 71 dogs were positive by formol gelification test (for dysproteinaemia), CIEP, IFAT and Western Blot; a further 7 were positive by CIEP alone. It is suggested that after almost 30 years of epidemiological silence, American visceral leishmaniasis has re-emerged in this focus. ISSN 1252-607X <5> Accession Number 982219570 Author Ginel, P. J. Lucena, R. Andres, J. Perez, J. Mozos, E. Institution Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. Editor Kwochka, K. W. Willemse, T. Tscharner, C. von. Title Adult-onset generalized demodicosis associated with leishmaniasis in the dog. Source Advances in veterinary dermatology: volume 3. Proceedings of the Third World Congress of Veterinary Dermatology, Edinburgh, Scotland, 11-14 September, 1996. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, Oxford, UK: 1998. 440. <6> Accession Number 982219565 Author Pascal-Tenorio, A. Atlee, B. A. Ihrke, P. J. Theis, J. Institution School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA. Editor Kwochka, K. W. Willemse, T. Tscharner, C. von. Title Efficacy of ketoconazole and allopurinol as a combination treatment for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in a dog. Source Advances in veterinary dermatology: volume 3. Proceedings of the Third World Congress of Veterinary Dermatology, Edinburgh, Scotland, 11-14 September, 1996. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, Oxford, UK: 1998. 434-435. 4 ref. <7> Accession Number 980807830 Author Cabral, M. O'Grady, J. E. Gomes, S. Sousa, J. C. Thompson, H. Alexander, J. Institution Laboratorio de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmacia, 4050 Porto, Portugal. Title The immunology of canine leishmaniosis: strong evidence for a developing disease spectrum from asymptomatic dogs. Source Veterinary Parasitology. 1998. 76: 3, 173-180. 21 ref. Abstract A total of 49 asymptomatic mixed breed dogs from an area of Portugal with a high incidence of visceral leishmaniasis were examined for the presence of a Leishmania-specific cellular immune response using a T lymphocyte proliferation assay. The presence of a humoral immune response was also investigated using an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and ELISA. The results were compared directly with 25 mixed breed dogs permanently residing in a non-endemic region (Scotland). There was no evidence of any immunological response against Leishmania antigen from the latter group of animals. Of the 49 dogs from Portugal, however, 20 had a demonstrable parasite-specific cellular immune response. 24 dogs had a Leishmania-specific humoral response by ELISA, 16 were positive by IFAT at a dilution of 1:80 and 11 were positive by IFAT at a dilution of 1:160. Depending on whether ELISA or IFAT (1:80 and 1:160) were used to measure the humoral response 8, 12 and 16 dogs, respectively, had only a cellular response; 12, 8 and 7 dogs, respectively, had a humoral response only; and 12, 8 and 4 dogs, respectively, had both cellular and humoral responses. It is concluded that the infection rate of canine leishmaniasis is high and the response to infection is highly polarised in many asymptomatic dogs. It is suggested that the position of a dog within the immunological spectrum is likely to indicate how the disease will progress. ISSN 0304-4017 <8> Accession Number 980805733 Author Sharma, R. L. Rao, G. S. C. R. Varshney, J. P. Institution Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243 122, U.P., India. Title Parasitic diseases of canines - an overview. Source International Journal of Animal Sciences. 1997. 12: 2, 231-244. Abstract The parasitic diseases of dogs and their treatment and public health significance are described, under the following headings: introduction; parasitism in general; clinical symptoms of parasitism; diagnostic approach; general control measures; parasitic gastritis (Physaloptera); toxocariasis; ancylostomiasis; trichuriasis; strongyloidiasis; spirocercosis; dirofilariasis; cestode infection; opisthorchiasis; coccidiosis; babesiosis; trypanosomiasis; ehrlichiosis; leishmaniasis; hepatozoonosis; haemobartonellosis; and sarcoptic, demodectic, ear and nasal mange. ISSN 0970-2857 <9> Accession Number 980805080 Author Paranhos-Silva, M. Nascimento, E. G. Melro, M. C. B. F. Oliveira, G. G. S. Santos, W. L. C. dos. Pontes-de-Carvalho, L. C. Oliveira-dos-Santos, A. J. Institution Centro de Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil. Title Cohort study on canine emigration and Leishmania infection in an endemic area for American visceral leishmaniasis: implications for the disease control. Source Acta Tropica. 1998. 69: 1, 75-83. 13 ref. Abstract A cohort study of the incidence of Leishmania chagasi [L. infantum chagasi] in dogs was carried out in Jequie, an endemic community in northeast Brazil. The inhabited urban and periurban areas of Jequie were divided into 140 clusters of 0.25 km2. A total of 1681 dogs in 34 randomly selected clusters were screened for Leishmania antibodies by ELISA. A cohort of 1286 seronegative dogs was followed up for 18 months, yielding a total of 1739.7 dog-years. The overall incidence of Leishmania infection, as assessed by the detection of Leishmania antibodies in blood samples collected every 6 months, was 6.55 cases/100 dog-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.04-7.26). Two subsets of clusters, with 0.70 and 1.35 relative risks of infection, were identified. The annual emigration rate was 2.26 cases/100 dog-years (95% CI 1.86-2.66). The implications of these findings for the control of American visceral leishmaniasis are discussed. ISSN 0001-706X